How he trained

Eisenmann framed his approach as education: close observation, repeated routines and an attempt to work with each dog as an individual.

Education rather than obedience

In his books, Eisenmann contrasted education with mechanical obedience. He wrote about building habits and using everyday routines as opportunities for communication and performance.

Routine, response and interpretation

The Cairo examples in his writing show how he read a dog’s response to repeated situations. They reveal his approach and the meaning he gave to it, though not exactly what the dog understood.

Individual dogs

Eisenmann repeatedly stressed differences in temperament and capability. That attention to the individual helps explain why the site treats London, Thorn, Toro and the other dogs as separate histories rather than interchangeable performers.